I know this is probably a strange place to start my blog, and is going to paint me as a even more than total nerd than my post about science fiction, but at least it shouldn't be a controversial topic (I'm not afraid of a good argument, which can sometimes not go down so well...)
(For y'all international readers, I'm in New Zealand, so some of this will be localised information).
So, at the moment, the computer keyboards I'm using most often are all awful. At work (where I'm spending the most time in front of a keyboard), there's an HP Z1 all-in-one workstation (which is actually a really nice machine - something I don't often say about HPs), but it's keyboard leaves a bit to be desired. It has all the keys on it thankfully (not like Toshiba laptops - I actually use the Pause/Break key sometimes and don't like having to go hunting for the Windows key), but they've tried to make it take up less desk space (a worthwhile cause with the amount of paper that typically occupies the desk), and in doing so have rearranged the Home/End cluster and mashed the arrow keys in close to the main keyboard. It's not very different to a standard layout, but it's just different enough that I keep hitting the wrong thing or having to look down to find the right key. It also seems to have a reduced key travel, which makes a surprising difference to the feel when using it.
Those changes don't look like much, until you try and touch type. |
Then on my machine at home, I'm using the "random spare keyboard that we inherited from somewhere once", which is a Genius USB keyboard. This is the same company that makes mouses1 for under $10. You can probably see where this is going.
That looks ok, right? (Apart from being dusty and a terrible photograph). |
All the keys are in the right place now (well, apart from the backslash, but that's not too bad - if you looked carefully at the HP one above, you might have noticed that despite trying to make the keyboard smaller, that one actually had two backslash keys, one of them making the left shift key so small you can't tell it from a normal key by feel...) With this Genius keyboard, you see it and think, "This looks good", then you attempt to type your first key and go, "Ugh!" It's like trying to type on playdough. Playdough that doesn't respond properly when you hit it (thus making you want to actually hit it).
(If you're wondering, the other two keyboards I use - both of which were used for typing parts of this article - are an old Microsoft PS2 keyboard with media keys, which does a pretty decent job, and a Swipe keyboard on my smartphone - which is easily the best way to type on a touchscreen, even though typing on a touchscreen is a generally painful experience for a touch-typer like myself).
So, this frustration led me to start looking at getting a better keyboard. Not that I have any budget for one at the moment, but it was a way to vent my annoyance.
And maybe I kind of got obsessed. Enjoy my quest.
Beware that this quest is not for the faint-hearted time-constrained. I am going to go in-depth on a lot of points and into probably way too much detail. I'm a power user, and my needs and wants are probably way more specific than most people will ever care about. (It's not like other skim-the-surface supposed "power user's" guide).
What Makes a Keyboard "Perfect"?
Unless you have ever looked into the world of gaming keyboards, or are a total nerd like myself, you probably have no idea of the features and number of different types of keyboards out there. I'm going to write this for people who don't know what the Dvorak layout is. If you do, feel free to skim-read most of this section.
One of the first things you do learn reading the arcane world of keyboard nerds is that mechanical keyboards are far superior to the typical rubber-membrane ones. If the feel and responsiveness of a keyboard don't interest you, then I warn you that you may be reading the wrong blog post. However, if you do care, PB Tech (at least at their store in Hamilton) had a Cherry MX mechanical switch test unit out, so you could try how the different types of mechanical keys feel. They also had a Razer mechanical keyboard hooked up to a working machine you could play on. Suffice to say that after actually trying a mechanical keyboard, albeit briefly, I can see why the obsession among keyboard nerds. Cheap rubber membrane keyboards are nasty.
I'll try and keep away from going too deep into the keyboard switches, as this has been covered elsewhere better than I can do (such as the Lifehacker article I linked to in the previous paragraph). So what else makes - in my opinion anyway - a keyboard great?
I tried to make myself a little less subjective by rating different items that relate to the keyboard actually being useful. Two things became obvious straight away: layout and numeric keypad placement. As you may already have noticed, moving keys around from where I expect them to be is anathema to me - especially when it has not had any sensible reason. Part of being a touch-typist is that you know instinctively where the keys are located, and so even slight changes can lead to typos and frustration (alas poor backslash, for ye have no fixed home). Actually, I think the backslash key seems like this bothersome afterthought that no one seems to know where it should be put, but one that can't be removed because we all use Windows and some of us even still type file paths. So, I like a keyboard where everything is where it should be (and, to go one further, easily reachable when needed, which leads to...)
Why is the numeric keyboard on the right-hand side, in exactly the location where you would like to have your mouse? (Short answer: history. The keyboard layout was designed before the mouse was introduced. If you re-thought a keyboard with the mouse in mind, I imagine it would look quite different). If you're right-handed and not using a mouse, then the arrow keys and numeric keypad placement make sense. If you're left-handed (I'm not, if you're wondering) or use the mouse a lot (no one does that, pfft), then it's really dumb. Before starting my quest, I knew that a removable numpad was a good idea. You also get what's called a "tenkeyless" layout, which is a normal keyboard without the numpad - and, you can add a separate numpad to this if you like, placing it wherever on the desk you choose.
Microsoft, you have the right idea. Pity that you've ruined the arrow and home/end group layouts (no gaps to give tactile guidance on where to find these keys - ergo, I'm going to be having to look at my hands all the time). |
Of course, you could always set up so that you really never need to take your hands off the mouse in order to reach the keyboard:
Behold, the Keymouse. I imagine this being somewhere between "revolutionary" and "extremely cumbersome". |
Other things that I came up with:
Ergonomics
While the only issues I seem to have are with my mouse hand2 (and minor), carpal tunnel does not sound fun (I once worked with a guy who'd had carpal tunnel surgery - he was basically addicted to painkillers). Ergonomics definitely scores points though - if I'm going to find a keyboard that I use all the time, I want to make sure I can use it comfortably, and that it's not going to cause me problems later.
Configurable Keys or Alternate Key Sets
See below as to why, but being able to type symbols or characters from other languages (Greek at least) makes it much more useful. My ultimate keyboard would have the Greek alphabet, accented Latin characters, and common mathematical and engineering symbols, all accessed by nothing more than specialised shifting key, and printed on the key caps for easy reference. As far as I'm aware, this has never been done.
Ok, so maybe it has been done. Yes, this keyboard had a "Greek" modifier key (along with Shift, Ctrl, Top, Meta, Super, and Hyper!) And, it was actually called the Space Cadet keyboard. I don't think this would be usable under a modern operating system though. I still don't understand why I cannot buy a keyboard that does this now though. |
If you have ever tried to type a foreign language, you will realise the importance of accented or other non-standard-ASCII characters. If you have ever used someone's computer that has the Microsoft's "US-International" layout, you'll realise that turning standard keys into dead keys is really annoying, especially if you are trying to type something technical. If you have ever tried to type an engineering paper (°, ±, m³, µ, Δ...), you will realise why I care about being able to easily access alternative characters.
I came up with my own solution for getting to the keys I want:
Yes, I customise my keyboard layout. The only issue I have with this is that I need admin privileges to install it on a computer (so use at work is out). If you want to use this, comment and I'll post a link - or, you can use the Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator to create your own. |
Linux has the Compose key, which actually seems like a really excellent idea, but I found it wasn't consistently implemented (well, adding new composes was far from easy and didn't work everywhere), and there isn't a Windows equivalent that I know of. A GUI compose key-string editor that handled it everywhere would make me happy (especially if there was a Windows port as well!)
Some of the really excellent keyboards have GUI interfaces that let you configure your own layouts then save them to onboard memory in the keyboard itself, so it remembers your customisations when plugged into a new computer. At least one of these was apparently someone reverse-engineering the firmware, a hack that later got officially recognised... (which, take note, is the correct response to someone hacking your product, because everybody wins).
In the process of writing this, I came up with another neat solution that doesn't require administrator privileges: see below.
Macro Recording
This is slightly different to redefining the layout, as macros are pre-recorded strings of characters that happen with one keypress, as opposed to altering which character is assigned to which key - although, a good macro editor should be able to achieve a similar effect as a layout editor. Most keyboards implement macros based on special "macro" buttons though, so you're limited in how many macros you can have. Good keyboards let you assign a macro to any key on the keyboard (preferably with use of a modifier key of some kind, although I am suddenly realising the joys you could have messing with someone else's key layout just slightly!) Nice manufacturers don't require an active internet connection and custom drivers for this to work...
Onboard Memory
I have sort of mentioned this, but it's worth giving it its own title - if I am going to put lots of work into configuring my keyboard, I want to then be able to use that elsewhere. One of the things I am going to want to do is use my keyboard at work as well as home, seeing as I spend more time on the computer at work. I don't want to (as I had to do today!) use a different computer only to find that all my useful shortcuts just aren't there and I have to go the long way around for everything (of course, running Autohotkey as a Portable app and copying the script file made my day a lot easier). ☺
As an aside, Autohotkey is awesome. I have a left-handed backspace key now, and can set the (otherwise mostly useless3) Back and Forward buttons to something better.
Efficiency Boosts
Ok, lame section title, but this is basically a catch-all for extra functions that make the keyboard more useful - and, in my opinion, this is where there is still the most room for innovation.
The Matias Optimiser: replace the Caps Lock key with a specialised key that gives you access to lots of quick shortcuts (the "delete word" ones seem particularly useful). Apparently they even used to do a mechanical-switch version of this. It's also hard to find a good image of this keyboard - check out the Matias site for more info. |
It's a bit sad that apart from that one keyboard (ok, and the "Easy-Shift" thing on Roccat's Ryos keyboards), I don't have anything to say about keyboards that make your life easier or do anything significant to improve productivity. Some gaming keyboards do fancy things with macros, but surely we have more ways we can improve our computing experience? Considering how useful I find shortcuts and mappings I construct using Autohotkey, I am certain that more can be done here. As an example: why are Backspace, Delete, and Enter only accessible to the right hand, which spends most of its time holding the mouse? Why on a normal keyboard do our thumbs do so little work and our little fingers so much? Why, when I'm entering numbers, do I have to reach so far across the keyboard to get brackets or an equals sign, the former also requiring Shift? For that matter, why does the question mark need Shift? (Ok, so this paragraph probably has an unusually large number of question marks, but you get the idea!)
I still miss having brackets on the numpad.
Columnar Layout
Co-what layout, you say? Have you ever noticed that keyboards have the rows of keys offset from each other a bit? No? Well, look at it and you will notice this now, and you may also notice the numeric keypad has all the rows aligned in a grid. The staggered arrangement has its origins as far back as old typewriters (apparently so the keys wouldn't jam - just like the QWERTY layout). We've kept it because... no one wanted to change. This isn't really necessary, and arguably isn't even helpful.
Behold, the ErgoDox4. Notice the aligned columns of keys. (In case you are wondering, yes, I will be revisiting this keyboard later for other reasons). |
The arrogantly (but perhaps not undeservedly) named Truly Ergonomic Keyboard. Early spoiler: if budget was no concern, this would probably be my keyboard of choice. So much goodness (oh, and a columnar layout, which they go on about a lot). And, seeing as I've mentioned it, notice how the Enter, Backspace, Tab, and Delete keys are in the middle, so they can be used by either hand. |
Multimedia Keys
You can never have too many keys.
Ok, let me rephrase that comment about never having enough keys: it's really useful to have lots of extra functions or characters you can reach without the need of a shifting/function key.
I have only now realised that the keyboard pictured actually has brackets and an equals sign by the numpad! Well done Microsoft! (So, it appears that their hardware interface design team are significantly more competent than their software interface design team).
Our keyboard on the main desktop at home is a slightly less-insane version of the a Microsoft "Media" keyboard, sadly lacking the brackets and equals sign. Of course, I might be able to reassign those couple of useless buttons over by the numpad to brackets...
It's nice to be able to pause/play/skip music from a dedicated button. And really lovely keyboard designers put an actual volume knob and mute button on the keyboard! But, beyond the volume control, I don't know that I score multimedia keys all that highly - I never use "My Computer" (Win + E anyone?) or "Favourites" or "Search", or even "Web" buttons - they're simply not used enough for me to remember to use them, or they have simpler alternatives. Also, the "Sleep" or "Power Off" buttons have caused their share of problems...
Some people like minimalist keyboards. I am not one of those people.
This scares me. And not because of the skull-shaped Escape key either (I think that's kind of amusing, actually). |
The reason I am not one of those people is that I find it takes me around three times as long to type something that requires a key combination than something that has a dedicated button. This is only an estimate of course, but it is definitely slower - that keyboard above would require finger gymnastics to even get numbers. "Finger gymnastics" - the need to stretch across the keyboard in awkward ways - is the other reason why I prefer having something on a dedicated key. To understand what I mean, note the difference in work your hand has to do between pressing CTRL+C and CTRL+Y - the latter isn't comfortable unless you use two hands, which means taking your hand off the mouse (more travel, more time, more work for your hands, so potentially more discomfort). And yet we have a seldom-used key like Caps Lock on the "Home row", right where you fingers naturally rest (the Roccat Ryos keyboards and Truly Ergonomic Keyboard make other use of that space - even the old Amiga keyboard did!)
Yes, I may somewhat obsess on efficiency... (I'll probably do a blog post on that in the future - and it might even be useful!)
Of course, the advantage that a small keyboard like the one pictured above does have is that you barely have to move your hands to get things - everything is within one or two keys' distance of the home row.
Basically, I like a keyboard with more keys - but make them useful. Having a button to launch a Mail application isn't useful when I don't even have a mail application installed but use Gmail instead.
Anyway, in the process of writing this, I came up with a neat solution to finding enough keys and setting up alternate key sets: Autohotkey lets you reconfigure your keyboard to do... anything. It's a bit complex to use, but awesome. However, one of the tricks is knowing what keys you can safely reassign that will not interfere with other keyboard shortcuts (using the Windows key as a shifting/modifier key is a good start, but Microsoft are slowly introducing more uses of it). Today I found a brilliant solution: the least-used key on the keyboard. Any idea what it is? Scroll Lock. And it even has its own indicator light! Set up an "if" statement that reassigns the keys based on whether or not Scroll Lock is on, and you suddenly have an entire new key set to do with as you will. So far, it's the Greek alphabet with a few more maths and other symbols, but the neat thing is that I can port it to a new computer without the need to be an administrator! Start with the script on this forum.
Software
It's all very well having a fancy keyboard with extra macros and special functions, but how easy is it to use all that? A good advanced keyboard has good accompanying software to help you make the most of it. However, a really good keyboard should let you use all of its functions without the need of installing special software. Being that I can probably do all the re-assigning that I want with something like Autohotkey, the software isn't really a big issue (although fancy extras like "heat maps" of your most common keys could be of interest). Where software is useful is in providing a decent graphical interface and making it easier to configure things.
Apparently the Razer keyboards expect you to have a live internet connection in order to set up and use their software. For a keyboard. That's dumb. Some others use web-based configuration tools. That's not quite so dumb, as it lets you save your configuration to the cloud and then re-use it on other computers.
n-Key Roll Over (NKRO)
Another keyboard geek term, which is only relevant to gamers (or maybe a superhero typing?) "Roll over" is the term for the keyboard being able to handle more than one keypress at the same time. I have to admit, I have never noticed a problem with this, so maybe I'm not quite enough of a keyboard geek after all... (Kidding! ☺) Most of us are unlikely to press more than three keys at once (Ctrl+Alt+Del being the most common >2-key "chord"). I don't remember having to use a Ctrl+Shift+Alt+something combination for anything, but I do know that certain pieces of software will (something like Photoshop or a programming environment), but that's still only four, and predictably uses the shifting keys. When gaming, it starts to matter more: holding Ctrl, W, and A to run and strafe while hitting a number key to switch weapons then tapping Space to jump - you get the idea. "Full n-Key Roll Over" is the term for a keyboard that can handle (apparently) every key being pressed at once, and register them correctly. I don't see this being something I would need, so you get lesser variants such as "10-key Roll Over" and "6-key Roll Over".
If you're a hard-core gamer, NKRO is probably an important feature. Unless you're The Flash, you aren't going to need it for typing.
Built-in USB Hub (and Other Connectors)
This shouldn't need any explanation: why reach around behind your computer to plug something in, when you can conveniently plug it in to your keyboard? Sitting a long way from the desk, or mouse has a short cable? Plug that into the keyboard. Some keyboard manufacturers point out how you can use said convenient USB port for a USB headset or even speakers - or to charge your phone.
However, despite how this seems to be a no-brainer of a killer feature, it's seems surprisingly rare. And, getting anything better than USB 2.0 is not something I've seen anywhere. I can understand on a technical level why it's too much work (and extra expense on components), but it's still sad it's not more common.
As for other connectors, you'll get headphone/headset/microphone jacks, which make a bit of sense, but occasionally there'll be something especially odd: like a dock for your phone, so you can use the keyboard with your phone as well as the computer, or use your phone as a "second screen" in certain games. Gimmick, anyone?
No, this keyboard isn't pretentious at all. (Without trying them, I'm not sure what I think of the odd-shaped keys, but despite my mocking, the Logitech G910 looks like a pretty sweet keyboard). |
Back-lighting
Another gaming-keyboard specialty. While I think it would be cool to have my keyboard doing a "breathing" effect in 24-bit RGB full colour glory, it's... unnecessary. Having it light up keys as I press them is cute, but pointless. I can see a few (very few) places where a backlit keyboard is useful (e.g. using a laptop in the dark). Mostly though, I am touch-typing in a well-lit room, so if I have to look at the keyboard, it's because the layout is poor and I can't find the key I want (e.g. someone decided moving the function keys one space sideways was a good idea - such keyboards actually exist, and it's awful).
So, for me, back-lighting is a gimmicky extra. Cool, but not a necessity. I'm interested to hear if anyone finds it a must-have feature, and why.
Other Features
When you think you've compiled a list of all there is to say, you invariably find there is something else. Some keyboards are waterproof (yep, good idea - which I thankfully have never had to test). Some have built-in touchpads. One even has a built-in touchscreen with macro buttons that have their own tiny screens.
I drooled over the idea of the Optimus Maximus Keyboard, which had a colour screen behind every key on the keyboard. At something like USD$1200 though, it was never going to be a realistic option for a purchase. As for configurability though, being able to change what the keys look like is a spectacular idea.
If you know of any other funky, fancy, crazy, or innovative keyboard ideas, I'd be interested to hear them. Except if its the idea of replacing physical, tactile keys with touchscreens, because that's awful. If you don't know why, then you need to learn to touch type.
Wired or Wireless?
I realised that I had completely missed what should be a really obvious differentiator: to cable or not to cable? Is the reliability of a cable or the convenience and tidiness of wireless better?
This is very much up to personal preference, but, due to a few recent experiences, I have a pretty clear opinion for myself:
- We have had two wireless mice die in the last couple of months.
- We inherited a nice, fancy Microsoft ergonomic keyboard and ergonomic mouse - but they're over-sized paperweights because the previous owner lost the USB adapter, and you can't get replacement ones.
- Batteries!
So yeah, my opinion on wireless keyboards is my opinion on wireless anything (note, I used to maintain television broadcast equipment and installed a wireless network across a reasonable-sized tertiary campus and have had two types of wireless internet, so I've worked with wireless tech more than most): it's great for convenience, and useless for speed or reliability. Being that unless I'm on a laptop (which has its own built-in keyboard), my keyboard stays on the same desk all the time, to me, wireless isn't worth the hassle.
If we had a fancy big media centre in a spacious lounge, then I'd want a wireless mouse and keyboard for that. Otherwise, no.
(I know some will complain about how messy lots of cables get, but again, for the most part, a keyboard stays in one place. Wireless on a mouse I can understand, as the cable does tend to affect your use of the device more - although my latest mouse purchase was wired as well).
Wireless keyboards cannot offer USB ports, either.
Aesthetics
How something looks is important. First impressions and all that. However, my thought is that with keyboards (ok, with everything), I would rather have something that looks plain, ugly, or boring but works really well than something that looks awesome but is kind of naff to use. This is why all my metrics here have been around how "useful" a keyboard is. Given the choice between equals, I would go with the better-looking one, but not if it sacrifices function - as, after all, this is something I use all day, every day.
I do appreciate beautiful workmanship though.
Keyboardio. A genuinely lovely device (but priced accordingly). It has an "Any" key! |
"Other" Qualities
The reality is that you could find a keyboard that looks good on paper and is rubbish in use. The Genius keyboard I mentioned at the top is like that: it's a simple, properly-laid-out basic keyboard. But it's awful for typing or playing games. The key type and quality have a big part to play here, but sometimes the difference between "great" and "meh" is hard to pin down. Sometimes its personal preference, and the reality is that most of what I have written here is my own opinion and quite likely not shared by others. As you can probably tell, I am a "tweaker" - I'm the person who never accepts the defaults on anything. I always want to find a way to improve things or save time (of course, I'm far from the worst).
The desire to tweak, modify, and constantly improve is why I never enjoy using Apple products: they're designed so anyone could use them, and try to stop you doing anything stupid. But, in doing so, they stop you don't lots of stuff that isn't stupid - it's either their way or nothing. And for me, that's not an acceptable option: I understand the computer down to its bare components, and so I want to be able to get in and make things more efficient for myself. Locked boxes are not ok. (As an aside, in the process of writing this, I have come across a few tricks that will see me gathering and editing Autohotkey scripts and other tweaks to basically build an entirely custom keyboard system in software - every character I want, and most of those without taking my hand off the mouse).
I realise not everyone is like that - for most people, it's enough to "Just get by", but considering how much time I spend on computers, I reckon its worth finding the best. Hence why I'm obsessing over finding the perfect keyboard, when most of you will be thinking it's just a keyboard, for crying out loud!
(You are allowed to think I'm weird and to not care). ☺
So...
Thus begins my quest. Now you know what I am looking for (and, more importantly, not looking for). Next up will be getting a bit more specific on what models are out there (and considering that all-consuming factor: budget).
Up next: The Quest for the Perfect Keyboard Part 2: Specific Models
Useful Links
Lifehacker on choosing a mechanical keyboard switch type.
Forum on using Autohotkey to use the Scroll Lock key to give you an alternate character set.
"Power User's Guide to Picking the Perfect Keyboard". Except that I would definitely not call it a power-user's guide - for that, try Mechanical Keyboards on Reddit (below). This link is a brief but reasonable introduction.
Reddit's /r/MechanicalKeyboards. You think I'm a hardcore keyboard nerd? I've got nothing on these guys. Between the strong opinions and photos of custom builds, you can find a bunch of excellent guides and information on everything you need to know about mechanical keyboards.
References
Because every quality article has a good list of citations! Mine has citations too.
- 1. I still do not know whether the correct plural for a computer mouse is "mice" (like the animal) or "mouses" (so it is not like the animal). In one discussion (which I sadly cannot find), it apparently eventually ended on the conclusion that the only correct pluralisation was "meeces".
- 2. Yeah, don't get my started on mouses either. Except that I did find and purchase an ergonomic mouse for USD$4 (delivered) on Aliexpress.com! Link for: Wired and Wireless (USD$7). Those links probably won't work after a while, but searching the site should find updated equivalents.
- 3. Some smart person figured out that no one wants to go dragging the mouse all the way over the screen in order to just get the back button. Little piggy number 1 put a button on a media keyboard. Little piggy number 2 put the buttons on the mouse. Little piggy number 3 learned how to use mouse gestures (Opera browser, we salute your wondrous innovation) - I use a Firefox extension called All-in-one Gestures. It's so good. Actually, on the subject of third-party user interface enhancements, until I make a whole post on it, check out: 7+ Taskbar Tweaker (because middle-clicking an app on the taskbar should CLOSE it, Microsoft!), Tab Mix Plus (yes, I know these are all Firefox extensions, but the reason I like Firefox is because it's the most extensible browser - I can make it do what I want), Social Fixer (take that, Facebook lameness!), and of course Adblock Plus (if you're not using this, your computer is anathema to me - and will probably get it promptly installed so I can actually use the Internet...!) Oh, and Autohotkey, if you're really keen on boosting productivity.
- 4. Sorry for the Google link, but as you'll see, there isn't a central place that this design resides. You can try the (spartan and don't-give-the-user-a-clue-where-to-go) Ergodox.org site, the (buy the parts in a group so you can build it yourself - yes, seriously) Massdrop site, or the (pre-built, "let's make it easy") Indegogo site. This is not a keyboard for the faint hearted.
I have tried to keep to using images in the public domain or my own images where possible, or to link to the manufacturer's site for the source, but this has not always been possible, so if you see an image of yours that you do not want me using, then please let me know and I will take it down.
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